*****REPLICATION DOFILE FOR THE ANALYSIS IN KJAERGAARD, METTE, MARTIN BAEKGAARD, AND ULRICH THY JENSEN: THE PSYCHOLOGICAL COSTS OF COPRODUCTION, JPART. ***OPEN REPLICATION DATA*** ***Preparing data. *Self-efficacy questions (see also Table A2). tab1 Q1114_1-Q1114_4 recode Q1114_1 Q1114_2 Q1114_3 Q1114_4 (6=.) factor Q1114_1 Q1114_2 Q1114_3 Q1114_4 // 2 is dropped alpha Q1114_1 Q1114_3 Q1114_4 generate self_efficacy = (((Q1114_1 + Q1114_3 + Q1114_4)-3)/12)*10 label var Q1114_1 "Self-efficacy 1: Understand" label var Q1114_2 "Self-efficacy 2: Difficult" label var Q1114_3 "Self-efficacy 3: Qualified" label var Q1114_4 "Self-efficacy 4: Good job" *Administrative burden *Stress (see also Table A3). recode Q1521_1 Q1521_2 Q1521_3 (6=.) factor Q1521_1 Q1521_2 Q1521_3 alpha Q1521_1 Q1521_2 Q1521_3 generate stress = (((Q1521_1 + Q1521_2 + Q1521_3)-3)/12)*10 label var Q1521_1 "Stress 1: Health" label var Q1521_2 "Stress 2: Mood" label var Q1521_3 "Stress 3: Cope with" *Stigma (see also Table A4). recode Q1521_4 Q1521_5 Q1521_6 Q1521_7 (6=.) factor Q1521_4 Q1521_5 Q1521_6 Q1521_7 alpha Q1521_4 Q1521_5 Q1521_6 Q1521_7 generate stigma = (((Q1521_4 + Q1521_5 + Q1521_6 + Q1521_7)-4)/16)*10 label var Q1521_4 "Stigma 1: Look askance" label var Q1521_5 "Stigma 2: Bad light" label var Q1521_6 "Stigma 3: Unpleasant to be asked" label var Q1521_7 "Stigma 4: Unpleasant with bad care" *Autonomy (see also Table A5). recode Q2229_1 Q2229_2 Q2229_6 Q2229_7 (6=.) recode Q2229_7 (1=5) (2=4) (3=3) (4=2) (5=1) factor Q2229_1 Q2229_2 Q2229_6 Q2229_7 // 6 is dropped alpha Q2229_1 Q2229_2 Q2229_7 generate autonomy = (((Q2229_1 + Q2229_2 + Q2229_7)-3)/12)*10 label var Q2229_1 "Autonomy 1: Influence" label var Q2229_2 "Autonomy 2: Decide" label var Q2229_6 "Autonomy 3: Intervention" label var Q2229_7 "Autonomy 4: Pushed" *Positive items (see also Table A6). recode Q2229_3 Q2229_4 Q2229_5 (6=.) factor Q2229_3 Q2229_4 Q2229_5 alpha Q2229_3 Q2229_4 Q2229_5 generate positive = (((Q2229_3 + Q2229_4 + Q2229_5)-3)/12)*10 label var Q2229_3 "Positive 1: Quality of life" label var Q2229_4 "Positive 2: Proud" label var Q2229_5 "Positive 3: Worth the time" *Standardized versions of items egen stigma_std = std(stigma) egen autonomy_std = std(autonomy) egen stress_std = std(stress) egen positive_std = std(positive) egen self_efficacy_std = std(self_efficacy) *Naming variables recode SELECTGR (1=1 "Yes") (2=0 "No"), gen(treatment_1) label(treatment_1) label var treatment_1 "Self-efficacy inducement (yes = 1)" recode SELECTG0 (1=1 "Relative") (2=0 "Volunteer"), gen(treatment_2) label(treatment_2) label var treatment_2 "Coproduction initiative (relative = 1)" label var stigma "Stigma 0-10" label var autonomy "Autonomy 0-10" label var stress "Stress 0-10" label var positive "Positive 0-10" label var self_efficacy "Self-efficacy 0-10" label var stigma_std "Stigma std" label var autonomy_std "Autonomy std" label var stress_std "Stress std" label var positive_std "Positive std" label var self_efficacy_std "Self-efficacy std" ***Covariates recode GENDER (2=0) // woman = 1 recode Q3 (1=0) (2=0) (3=0) (4=0) (5=1) (6=1) (7=1) (8=.) // Long education = 1 recode REGIONDK (1=1) (2=1) (3=0) (4=0) (5=0) // Zealand and the capital area vs. remainder of Denmark rename ALDER AGE replace AGE = AGE + 17 recode Q5 (2=0) label var GENDER "Gender (female = 1)" label var Q3 "Education (higher education = 1)" label var AGE "Age (years)" label var REGIONDK "Region (Zealand = 1)" label var Q5 "Parent 65+ years = 1" gen a = 1 if Q7 == 1 gen b = 1 if Q8 == 3 gen c = 1 if Q9 == 2 gen d = 1 if Q10 == 4 replace a = 0 if a == . replace b = 0 if b == . replace c = 0 if c == . replace d = 0 if d == . gen correctresponses = a + b + c + d sum correctresponses drop a b c d *Experience with helping others. egen n_helped = anycount(Q6_02 Q6_03 Q6_04 Q6_05 Q6_06 Q6_07 Q6_08), values(1) tab n_helped gen helped_dik = . replace helped_dik = 0 if n_helped==0 replace helped_dik = 1 if n_helped==1 | n_helped==2 | n_helped==3 | n_helped==4 | n_helped==5 | n_helped==6 | n_helped==7 label var correctresponses "Number of correct answers" label var helped_dik "Experience with helping relatives" ***Balance test across experimental groups (Table 2) *Generating variable that identifies the four experimental groups gen treatment_total =. replace treatment_total = 1 if treatment_1==0 & treatment_2==0 replace treatment_total = 2 if treatment_1==0 & treatment_2==1 replace treatment_total = 3 if treatment_1==1 & treatment_2==0 replace treatment_total = 4 if treatment_1==1 & treatment_2==1 bysort treatment_total: sum AGE bysort treatment_total: sum GENDER bysort treatment_total: sum Q3 bysort treatment_total: sum REGIONDK bysort treatment_total: sum Q5 bysort treatment_total: sum correctresponses bysort treatment_total: sum helped_dik eststo clear sort treatment_total by treatment_total: eststo: quietly estpost sum AGE GENDER Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik esttab using Balancetest.rtf, cells("mean(fmt(2) label(mean))") label nodepvar unstack not noobs title(Table X. Balance test between groups in survey experiment) addnote(Note: Columns 1-4 reports means from each of the treatment groups. Column 5 report results from F-tests of the treatment indicators being jointly zero.*** p<0.001, ** p<0.01, * p<0.05, + p<0.10) *Test of statistical significance (t-test and F-test) foreach y of varlist AGE GENDER Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik { reg `y' i.treatment_total testparm i.treatment_total } ***Descriptive statistics for the dependent variables (Table 3) sum stigma stress autonomy positive ***Distributions of Dependent variables (Figure 3) graph set window fontface "Times New Roman" histogram stigma, discrete percent gap(0) xtitle(Stigma) scheme(s2mono) normal graph save a1, replace histogram stress, discrete percent gap(0) xtitle(Stress) scheme(s2mono) normal graph save a2, replace histogram autonomy, discrete percent gap(0) xtitle(Autonomy) scheme(s2mono) normal graph save a3, replace histogram positive, discrete percent gap(0) xtitle(Positive feelings) scheme(s2mono) normal graph save a4, replace graph combine a1.gph a2.gph a3.gph a4.gph ***Average treatment effects (Figure 4) mat eksperiment=J(8,3,.) reg stigma treatment_2, robust matrix t1 = r(table)' matrix eksperiment [1,1] =t1[1,1] matrix eksperiment [1,2] =t1[1,5] matrix eksperiment [1,3] =t1[1,6] reg stress treatment_2, robust matrix t1 = r(table)' matrix eksperiment [2,1] =t1[1,1] matrix eksperiment [2,2] =t1[1,5] matrix eksperiment [2,3] =t1[1,6] reg autonomy treatment_2, robust matrix t1 = r(table)' matrix eksperiment [3,1] =t1[1,1] matrix eksperiment [3,2] =t1[1,5] matrix eksperiment [3,3] =t1[1,6] reg positive treatment_2, robust matrix t1 = r(table)' matrix eksperiment [4,1] =t1[1,1] matrix eksperiment [4,2] =t1[1,5] matrix eksperiment [4,3] =t1[1,6] reg stigma treatment_1, robust matrix t1 = r(table)' matrix eksperiment [5,1] =t1[1,1] matrix eksperiment [5,2] =t1[1,5] matrix eksperiment [5,3] =t1[1,6] reg stress treatment_1, robust matrix t1 = r(table)' matrix eksperiment [6,1] =t1[1,1] matrix eksperiment [6,2] =t1[1,5] matrix eksperiment [6,3] =t1[1,6] reg autonomy treatment_1, robust matrix t1 = r(table)' matrix eksperiment [7,1] =t1[1,1] matrix eksperiment [7,2] =t1[1,5] matrix eksperiment [7,3] =t1[1,6] reg positive treatment_1, robust matrix t1 = r(table)' matrix eksperiment [8,1] =t1[1,1] matrix eksperiment [8,2] =t1[1,5] matrix eksperiment [8,3] =t1[1,6] matrix rownames eksperiment = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 coefplot (matrix(eksperiment [.,1]), ci((eksperiment [.,2] eksperiment [.,3]))), byopts(xrescale) /// headings(1 = "{bf: Coproduction task}" 5 = "{bf: Self-efficacy}" ) /// coeflabels(1 = "Stigma" 2 = "Stress" 3 = "Autonomy" 4 = "Positive feelings" 5 = "Stigma" 6 = "Stress" 7 = "Autonomy" 8 = "Positive feelings", labgap(4) labsize(medsmall) notick) /// xline(0, lwidth(vthin) lpattern(dash) lcolor(black)) grid(none) /// xscale(range(-2(1)2)) xtick(-2(1)2) xlabel(-2(1)2) /// citop ciopts(recast(rcap)) levels(95) msymbol(o) /// scheme(s1mono) ***Table A1 reg self_efficacy treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . reg self_efficacy treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses ***Table A7 reg stigma treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg stigma treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg stress treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg stress treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg autonomy treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg autonomy treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg positive treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg positive treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik ***Table A8 reg stigma treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg stigma treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg stress treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg stress treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg autonomy treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg autonomy treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg positive treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg positive treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik ***ADDITIONAL TESTS MENTIONED (BUT NOT REPORTED IN TABLES) IN THE PAPER *Testing whether experimental effects on psychological outcomes are contingent on prior experience with helping relatives. reg stigma c.treatment_2##c.helped_dik reg stress c.treatment_2##c.helped_dik reg autonomy c.treatment_2##c.helped_dik reg positive c.treatment_2##c.helped_dik reg stigma c.treatment_2##c.helped_dik GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses reg stress c.treatment_2##c.helped_dik GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses reg autonomy c.treatment_2##c.helped_dik GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses reg positive c.treatment_2##c.helped_dik GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses reg stigma c.treatment_1##c.helped_dik reg stress c.treatment_1##c.helped_dik reg autonomy c.treatment_1##c.helped_dik reg positive c.treatment_1##c.helped_dik reg stigma c.treatment_1##c.helped_dik GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses reg stress c.treatment_1##c.helped_dik GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses reg autonomy c.treatment_1##c.helped_dik GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses reg positive c.treatment_1##c.helped_dik GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses *Adding the self-efficacy scale to the analysis in Table A8 (in addition to co-variates) reg stigma treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik self_efficacy reg stress treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik self_efficacy reg autonomy treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik self_efficacy reg positive treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik self_efficacy *Difference in number of correct responses between high and low self-efficacy treatments. ttest correctresponses, by(treatment_1) *Testing interactions between experimental treatments. reg stigma c.treatment_1##c.treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg stress c.treatment_1##c.treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg autonomy c.treatment_1##c.treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg positive c.treatment_1##c.treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg stigma c.treatment_1##c.treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg stress c.treatment_1##c.treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg autonomy c.treatment_1##c.treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg positive c.treatment_1##c.treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik *Robustness checks using factors scores derived from confirmatory factor analysis sem (Stigf -> Q1521_4, ) (Stigf -> Q1521_5, ) (Stigf -> Q1521_6, ) (Stigf -> Q1521_7, ), covstruct(_lexogenous, diagonal) standardized latent(Stigf) nocapslatent estat gof, stats(all) nodescribe alpha Q1521_4 Q1521_5 Q1521_6 Q1521_7, item alpha Q1521_4 Q1521_5 Q1521_6 Q1521_7, gen (Stigf) min (2) sem (Stref -> Q1521_1, ) (Stref -> Q1521_2, ) (Stref -> Q1521_3, ) , covstruct(_lexogenous, diagonal) standardized latent(Stref) nocapslatent estat gof, stats(all) nodescribe alpha Q1521_1 Q1521_2 Q1521_3, item alpha Q1521_1 Q1521_2 Q1521_3, gen (Stref) min (2) sem (Autf -> Q2229_1, ) (Autf -> Q2229_2, ) (Autf -> Q2229_6, ) (Autf -> Q2229_7, ), covstruct(_lexogenous, diagonal) standardized latent(Autf) nocapslatent estat gof, stats(all) nodescribe alpha Q2229_1 Q2229_2 Q2229_6 Q2229_7, item alpha Q2229_1 Q2229_2 Q2229_6 Q2229_7, gen (Autf) min (2) sem (Posf -> Q2229_3, ) (Posf -> Q2229_4, ) (Posf -> Q2229_5, ) , covstruct(_lexogenous, diagonal) standardized latent(Posf) nocapslatent estat gof, stats(all) nodescribe alpha Q2229_3 Q2229_4 Q2229_5, item alpha Q2229_3 Q2229_4 Q2229_5, gen (Posf) min (2) reg Stigf treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Stigf treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Stref treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Stref treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Autf treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Autf treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Posf treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Posf treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Stigf treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Stigf treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Stref treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Stref treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Autf treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Autf treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Posf treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Posf treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik drop Stigf Stref Autf Posf *Robustness checks using factors scores derived from principal factor analysis factor Q1521_1 Q1521_2 Q1521_3 rotate predict Stref factor Q1521_4 Q1521_5 Q1521_6 Q1521_7 rotate predict Stigf factor Q2229_1 Q2229_2 Q2229_7 rotate predict Autf factor Q2229_3 Q2229_4 Q2229_5 rotate predict Posf reg Stigf treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Stigf treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Stref treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Stref treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Autf treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Autf treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Posf treatment_2 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Posf treatment_2 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Stigf treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Stigf treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Stref treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Stref treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Autf treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Autf treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik reg Posf treatment_1 if GENDER != . & AGE != . & Q3 != . & REGIONDK != . & correctresponses != . & helped_dik != . reg Posf treatment_1 GENDER AGE Q3 REGIONDK correctresponses helped_dik